Fluorescence

Fluorescence is one of two kinds of photoluminescence, the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. When exposed to ultraviolet radiation, many substances will glow (fluoresce) with colored visible light. The color of the light emitted depends on the chemical composition of the substance.

Fluorescent materials generally cease to glow nearly immediately when the radiation source stops.
This distinguishes them from the other type of light emission, phosphorescence.
Phosphorescent materials continue to emit light for some time after the radiation stops.

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Source: Wikipedia · Image: Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 2.5

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